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An Acceleration Measurement Capability on International Space Station Supporting Microgravity Science Payloads

机译：国际空间站支持微重力科学有效载荷的加速度测量能力

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The conditions present in low-earth-orbit have enabled various scientific investigations to be conducted. A fundamental reason that space is a useful environment for science is the presence of a decreased effect of gravity while in orbital free-fall. Science investigations are conducted to study phenomena occurring as a result of reductions in buoyancy forces and phenomena enabled as a result of the apparent lack of gravity. The science community requires knowledge of the environment in which their experiments are being conducted. A general purpose measurement system was developed in the 1980's to supply scientific investigators with data of the residual acceleration environment. The Space Acceleration Measurement System, or SAMS, has flown aboard the NASA shuttle fleet over fourteen times, successfully acquiring acceleration measurement data in support of microgravity science experiments. As NASA continues its development of the International Space Station and its associated research payloads, it once again becomes necessary to address the requirement to measure the residual acceleration in support of the planned scientific investigations. As a follow-on to the SAMS project, SAMS-2 was initiated to investigate the requirements and develop the measurement system to support the microgravity science payloads aboard the International Space Station. The characteristics of the payload complement to be supported by SAMS-2 and the different capabilities provided by the station requires a fresh look at the design implementation of a general purpose measurement system. Not only is there a requirement for measurements in support of numerous, potentially simultaneous experiments, but this support is required to be provided for at least ten years of on-orbit operation as compared to a ten to fourteen day mission on shuttle. These differences in fundamental requirements result in the design configuration of the space station-based SAMS-2 being significantly different than that of the shuttle-based SAMS. This paper describes these differences in requirements and the planned features to be provided to the science user community. Some of the unique challenges faced in developing a general purpose measurement system are also discussed.
机译：低地球轨道上存在的条件使进行各种科学研究成为可能。空间是科学有用的环境的根本原因是，在轨道自由落体时，重力的影响减小了。进行了科学研究，以研究由于浮力减小而产生的现象以及由于缺乏重力而导致的现象。科学界需要了解进行实验的环境。在1980年代开发了通用测量系统，以向科研人员提供残余加速度环境的数据。太空加速度测量系统（SAMS）已在NASA航天飞机上飞行了14次，成功获得了支持微重力科学实验的加速度测量数据。随着NASA继续开发国际空间站及其相关的研究有效载荷，有必要再次解决测量剩余加速度的要求，以支持计划的科学研究。作为SAMS项目的后续项目，启动了SAMS-2研究需求并开发了测量系统，以支持国际空间站上的微重力科学有效载荷。 SAMS-2支持的有效载荷补充的特性以及站点提供的不同功能要求重新审视通用测量系统的设计实现。不仅需要进行测量以支持众多可能同时进行的实验，而且与在航天飞机上进行十到十四天的飞行任务相比，这种支持至少需要在轨运行十年。这些基本要求上的差异导致基于空间站的SAMS-2的设计配置与基于航天飞机的SAMS的设计配置显着不同。本文介绍了这些需求差异以及要提供给科学用户社区的计划功能。还讨论了开发通用测量系统时面临的一些独特挑战。

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    Sutliff, Thomas J.;

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  • 年度 1997
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